Let's delve deeper into the residential building emissions section from the table provided earlier.

In the original table, we had:

Let's break this down further and provide more detail:

1. Scope 1 & 2 Emissions (2.2 GtCO2e):

   a) Direct emissions (Scope 1):

   • Heating: Natural gas, oil, or coal used for space and water heating
   • Cooking: Gas stoves and ovens
   • On-site power generation: Home generators, fuel cells

   b) Indirect emissions from purchased energy (Scope 2):

   • Electricity use for lighting, appliances, cooling, and electric heating
   • District heating or cooling systems

2. Scope 3 Emissions (0.8 GtCO2e):

   • Embodied carbon in building materials and construction
   • Emissions from the production and transport of fuels used in homes
   • Emissions from waste generated in households
   • Emissions from water supply and treatment for residential use

Breaking down the emissions sources further:

1. Space Heating: ~40% of residential emissions
   • Varies greatly by climate zone and building efficiency
2. Water Heating: ~20% of residential emissions
   • Second-largest energy use in most homes
3. Appliances and Lighting: ~15% of residential emissions
   • Includes refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, computers, etc.
4. Cooking: ~5% of residential emissions
   • Gas stoves contribute to both CO2 and methane emissions
5. Space Cooling: ~10% of residential emissions
   • Growing rapidly due to climate change and increased adoption of air conditioning
6. Other: ~10% of residential emissions
   • Includes small electronics, outdoor lighting, and miscellaneous electric loads

Regional Variations:

• Developed countries tend to have higher per capita residential emissions
• In colder climates, heating dominates residential energy use
• In warmer climates, cooling and refrigeration are more significant